The gradual change and delopment of an idea, situation or obeject is referred to as evoulation. Heance, evolution of tourism referes to the gradual development of the tourism actitities from the past to present and perhaps, it will continue in the future too.
Seance the beginning of human civilization iu this world, travelling has been an ongoing event. The early man travelled for hunting and food gathering. Later, as society evolved, travelling become prominent but became limited to trade, pilgrimage, studies, migration, royal affairs and exploration, rather than for pleasure and entertainment. So, one can sum-up that travelling is a human nature but tourism is a process and activities of new phenomenon.
The evolution of tourism can be divided into three phases:
1. The first phase(tourism before railways)
2. The second phase (tourism within railways)
3. The third phase (tourism after world war-ii)
*The first phase
The first phase of tourism is referred to as the tourism before railways, which represents the period before 1848 A.D. Before the industrial revolution travel was primarily tndertaken for the purposed of trade and pilgrimage.
In the medieval period (12-17th century), the european had different notions of travelling. According to their belief, if someone did not visit any new places in one's own life time, s/he was higily neglected in the society. So, every individual were supposed to visit at least Italy, as rome was recognized as their place of origin, and a religious shrine too.
In the 18th cemtury, the motive f6r travelling bhanged further. During this period sick people started to undertake travel to 'spa' for cure of some peristent diseases. It is belived that modern tourism begun fron 'spa' in those days, nice in france, baden in Germany and carlsberg in czechoslovakia were very popular for spa in europe.
*The second phase
The second phase of tourism marks the onset of industrial revolution. The introduction and development of railways after 1830 A.D. Revolutionised the entire scenario of travelling. The first ever rail link between liverpool and Manchester in the same year can be regarded as the landmark in the history of mechanised transport.
In the later year, the concept of tourism gradually evolved. In 1841 A.D, Thomas cook, a Baplist by profession, initiated the concept of travel agency. He not only operated the travel agency, but also led the group outside the london. He is regarded as the pioneer travel organiser, who led the group from leicester to loughborough for the firs time. He is also regarded as the father of the modern tourism.
In the 18th century A.D, industrial revolution brought tremendous change in contemporary europe. There was frequent migration of the rural people to urban and industrialised areas. People who where following agriculture as their main occupation started to earn their living by working in the factories. Hence, the working class also started opting for travelling during holidys and leaves for pleasure.
* The third phase
By the onset of 20th century, the essential components of tourism almost reached an optimal point. The general mass also realized and perceived the educative dimemsion of tourism and its positive impact on the economy.
After the world war-II, when united nations came into existence in 1945 A.D, the hostility between the countries almost became non-existent. The international barriers broken down and serene environment started to prevail. This made the ground for tourism industry mory fertile and further fuelled the prospects of tourism and its related industries. It is during this perind the world economy experienced a landmark growth in tourism industry.
After 2nd great world war, people became quite busy and they didn't have time to visit abroad for long duration. However, they seemed determined to spend their holidays outside their country/usual place of residence. This meant they needed comfortable, swift and safe means of transport. Heance, the ure of jet planes to reduce the time nf journey became prominent. Thus, the 20th century can be marked as "the century of mass tourism".
Seance the beginning of human civilization iu this world, travelling has been an ongoing event. The early man travelled for hunting and food gathering. Later, as society evolved, travelling become prominent but became limited to trade, pilgrimage, studies, migration, royal affairs and exploration, rather than for pleasure and entertainment. So, one can sum-up that travelling is a human nature but tourism is a process and activities of new phenomenon.
The evolution of tourism can be divided into three phases:
1. The first phase(tourism before railways)
2. The second phase (tourism within railways)
3. The third phase (tourism after world war-ii)
*The first phase
The first phase of tourism is referred to as the tourism before railways, which represents the period before 1848 A.D. Before the industrial revolution travel was primarily tndertaken for the purposed of trade and pilgrimage.
In the medieval period (12-17th century), the european had different notions of travelling. According to their belief, if someone did not visit any new places in one's own life time, s/he was higily neglected in the society. So, every individual were supposed to visit at least Italy, as rome was recognized as their place of origin, and a religious shrine too.
In the 18th cemtury, the motive f6r travelling bhanged further. During this period sick people started to undertake travel to 'spa' for cure of some peristent diseases. It is belived that modern tourism begun fron 'spa' in those days, nice in france, baden in Germany and carlsberg in czechoslovakia were very popular for spa in europe.
*The second phase
The second phase of tourism marks the onset of industrial revolution. The introduction and development of railways after 1830 A.D. Revolutionised the entire scenario of travelling. The first ever rail link between liverpool and Manchester in the same year can be regarded as the landmark in the history of mechanised transport.
In the later year, the concept of tourism gradually evolved. In 1841 A.D, Thomas cook, a Baplist by profession, initiated the concept of travel agency. He not only operated the travel agency, but also led the group outside the london. He is regarded as the pioneer travel organiser, who led the group from leicester to loughborough for the firs time. He is also regarded as the father of the modern tourism.
In the 18th century A.D, industrial revolution brought tremendous change in contemporary europe. There was frequent migration of the rural people to urban and industrialised areas. People who where following agriculture as their main occupation started to earn their living by working in the factories. Hence, the working class also started opting for travelling during holidys and leaves for pleasure.
* The third phase
By the onset of 20th century, the essential components of tourism almost reached an optimal point. The general mass also realized and perceived the educative dimemsion of tourism and its positive impact on the economy.
After the world war-II, when united nations came into existence in 1945 A.D, the hostility between the countries almost became non-existent. The international barriers broken down and serene environment started to prevail. This made the ground for tourism industry mory fertile and further fuelled the prospects of tourism and its related industries. It is during this perind the world economy experienced a landmark growth in tourism industry.
After 2nd great world war, people became quite busy and they didn't have time to visit abroad for long duration. However, they seemed determined to spend their holidays outside their country/usual place of residence. This meant they needed comfortable, swift and safe means of transport. Heance, the ure of jet planes to reduce the time nf journey became prominent. Thus, the 20th century can be marked as "the century of mass tourism".
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